Churumatas
The Churumatas were various previously existing indigenous populations in present-day Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. In Bolivia Churumatas inhabited mesothermal valleys south of Cochabamba. In Chile the Churumatas are reported from Spanish colonial era sources in Elqui Valley. Near Andacollo, which lies about 25 km south of Elqui River, a gold mine hade the name of "Churumata" as known from historic documents. In Argentina, the choromatas are listed in sources among the groups inhabiting the Argentine Northwest and in particular Jujuy in 1595 and Tucumán.
In 1596 Churumatas and Moyos Moyos in Colpavilque rebelled against the Spanish.
One view held by historians is that the Churumatas were natives of the valley of Tarija in southern Bolivia but had a diaspora in areas where they, as inferred by Spanish documents, did not own land. Reportedly the Churumatas were dispersed as mitmas aimed to garrison Inca fortresses during the Inca conquest of Collasuyu in the 1470s during the reign of Tupac Yupanqui. The Tomatas are thought to have had a similar history except they were moved the other way round, from their homeland in present-day Chile to the valley of Tarija.
The Churumatas are mentioned in sources as having a homeland inmediately southeast of Tarija in the valleys around the rivers of Guadalquivir and Camacho. Possibly they were a partiality of the Chichas.
According to the 2022 census 47 persons identify as Churumata in Argentina while there is no Churumata entry in the prior 2010 census.