Cabazitaxel
Cabazitaxel, sold under the brand name Jevtana, is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid. It is a microtubule inhibitor, and the fourth taxane to be approved as a cancer therapy.
Cabazitaxel was developed by Sanofi-Aventis and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer in June 2010. It is available as a generic medication.
Medical uses
Cabazitaxel is indicated in combination with prednisone for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer following docetaxel-based treatment.Mechanism of action
Taxanes enhance microtubule stabilization and inhibit cellular mitosis and division. Moreover, taxanes prevent androgen receptor signaling by binding cellular microtubules and the microtubule-associated motor protein dynein, thus averting AR nuclear translocation.Clinical trials
In people with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, overall survival is markedly enhanced with cabazitaxel versus mitoxantrone after prior docetaxel treatment. FIRSTANA assessed whether cabazitaxel 20 mg/m2 or 25 mg/m2 is superior to docetaxel 75 mg/m2 in terms of OS in patients with chemotherapy-naïve mCRPC. However, C20 and C25 did not demonstrate superiority for OS versus D75 in people with chemotherapy-naïve mCRPC. Cabazitaxel and docetaxel demonstrated different toxicity profiles, and C20 showed the overall lowest toxicity.In a phase III trial with 755 men for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer, median survival was 15.1 months for participants receiving cabazitaxel versus 12.7 months for participants receiving mitoxantrone. Cabazitaxel was associated with more grade 3–4 neutropenia than mitoxantrone. Common adverse effects with cabazitaxel include neutropenia and GIT side effects appeared mainly in diarrhea, whereas, neuropathy was rarely detected.