Bolsonarism
Bolsonarism is an ideology or the political movement tied to Jair Bolsonaro. His views, policies, and supporters are variously described as neo-fascist or far-right populism by scholars and news outlets, although Bolsonaro denied that he is a fascist. Bolsonarism broke out in Brazil with the rise in popularity of Bolsonaro, especially during his campaign in the presidential election in 2018, which elected him as president. The Workers' Party crisis during the Dilma Rousseff government, precipitated and accelerated by the political-economic crisis of 2014, strengthened Bolsonarist ideology and the Brazilian new right, which are part of the context of the rise of New Right populism at an international level.
In politics, figures from Bolsonarism, such as Bolsonaro's son Eduardo Bolsonaro, have sought to attract punishments and international sanctions for Brazil in order to free Bolsonaro from being legally judged according to Brazilian laws, which has triggered a US tariff on the country. Likewise, pro-Bolsonaro deputies, with the support of parties such as União Brasil, PP, and Novo, tried to block, intimidate, destabilize, and impede the functioning of the legal entities of the legislature as a form of blackmail for their objectives, such as making it difficult to vote on government projects that benefit workers and trying to free Jair Bolsonaro and those involved in the coup attempt and extremists from the January 8 attacks. Bolsonaro supporters have also repeatedly threatened to kill Brazilian authorities and politicians.
Ideology
Bolsonarism was the predominant ideology of the Bolsonaro government and, according to its critics, is associated with rhetoric defending the family, patriotism, conservatism, religion and authoritarianism, neo-fascism, anti-communism, scientific denialism, carrying weapons, rejection of human rights, and aversion to the political left, as well as the cult of the figure of Bolsonaro, often called a "myth". Writer Olavo de Carvalho is often cited as having been the "guru" of the Bolsonarist ideology.Although former president Bolsonaro defined his government as "free from ideological constraints", he did not recognize Bolsonarism as an ideology, his supporters – pejoratively called "Bolsominions" – diverge between those who agree with Bolsonaro and those who use the term to express their political position.