Barygenys atra is a heavy-bodied frog with a comparatively small head, moderately long hind limbs, and pointed nose. It grows to at least in snout–vent length. The snout shows only the faintest trace of the three vertical ridges that are prominent in other Barygenys species. The eyes are very small. The tympanum is scarcely visible; a weakly developed supratympanic fold is present. The fingers are short, broad at the base and tapering to narrowly rounded tips. The toe tips are broadened into small discs. No webbing is present. Preserved specimens are dorsally dark purplish brown, with a thin vertebral line. A living specimen was dorsally reddish brown with some black spots; the flanks were very dark gray, almost black.