Australian pavilion
The Australian pavilion is a structure that houses Australia's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts and architecture festivals. Although Australia has been represented at the arts festival since 1954, the first pavilion was only built in 1987, and replaced by a permanent structure in 2015.
Background
Formal participation by Australia in the Venice Biennale began in 1954. From 1978, the Australian Council for the Arts, managed and supported the national representation in the festival. In 2019 the Australia Council took over the commissioning of the works, which it does by open call for proposals.there are 29 national pavilions built over a long period of time within the Giardini della Biennale.
Buildings
Original pavilion (1987)
The Australian pavilion was designed in 1987 by the Australia Council's Design Arts Board and constructed by 1988. The two-level single exhibition space includes a veranda-style entrance with a courtyard constructed around a pre-existing tree. This connection between internal space and landscape was designed to relate to architectural themes in Australia. The curvature of the pavilion's sheet metal roof is meant to invoke a wave.The original Australian Pavilion, designed by Philip Cox to be a temporary structure of fiber cement and steel, was opened in 1988 at the western edge of the Giardini. Italian-born Australian industrialist Franco Belgiorno-Nettis had previously lobbied so successfully that in 1988 Australia beat 16 other countries to the last site on which to build a permanent pavilion in the Giardini. Cox and other generous donors gifted the pavilion to the Commonwealth Government. The pavilion was not heritage-protected because of its temporary status.
New pavilion (2015)
A new, permanent pavilion was designed by architectural practice Denton Corker Marshall and completed in 2015. Built from concrete and steel, the two-storey structure contains of exhibition space, and the exterior is covered in black granite from Zimbabwe.Although Australia's participation at the Venice Biennale was being managed by the Australia Council, funded by the Commonwealth Government, all of the million originally needed for the new building had to be raised from the private sector. Eventually, the pavilion cost $7.5 million to build, $1 million of which was funded by the Australia Council; the rest was donated by 82 private Australian donors, including actress Cate Blanchett and producer Santo Cilauro.
The pavilion has won several architectural awards:
- 2012: First Prize – Design Competition
- 2016: AIA National Jorn Utzon Award for the Most Outstanding Work of International Architecture
- 2016: AIA International Architecture Awards – Award for Most Outstanding Work of Public Architecture Abroad
Representation by year
In the arts festival
Before the pavilion was built
- 1954 — Sidney Nolan, Russell Drysdale, William Dobell
- 1956 — Albert Tucker
- 1958 — Arthur Streeton, Arthur Boyd
- 1978 — Ken Unsworth, John Davis, Robert Owen
- 1980 — Mike Parr, Tony Coleing, Kevin Mortensen
- 1982 — Peter Booth, Rosalie Gascoigne
- 1984 — no participation
- 1986 — Imants Tillers
In the first Australian Pavilion
- 1988 — Arthur Boyd
- 1990 — Trevor Nickolls, Rover Thomas
- 1993 — Jenny Watson
- 1995 — Bill Henson
- 1997 — Judy Watson, Yvonne Koolmatrie, Emily Kngwarreye
- 1999 — Howard Arkley
- 2001 — Lyndal Jones
- 2003 — Patricia Piccinini
- 2005 — Ricky Swallow
- 2007 — Callum Morton, Susan Norrie, Daniel von Sturmer
- 2009 — Shaun Gladwell, Vernon Ah Kee, Ken Yonetani, Claire Healy and Sean Cordeiro
- 2011 — Hany Armanious
- 2013 — Simryn Gill
In the new Australian pavilion
- 2015 — Fiona Margaret Hall
- 2017 — Tracey Moffatt
- 2019 — Angelica Mesiti
- 2022 — Marco Fusinato
- 2024 — Archie Moore's kith and kin' ; winner of the Golden Lion award for Best National Participation
In the architecture festival
- 2006 — Shane Murray and Nigel Bertram
- 2008 — Neil Durbach, Vince Frost, Wendy Lewin, Kerstin Thompson, and Gary Warner
- 2010 — John Gollings and Ivan Rijavec
- 2012 — Anthony Burke, Gerard Reinmuth, with TOKO concept design
- 2014 — felix._Giles_ Anderson+Goad
- 2016 — Amelia Holliday, Isabelle Toland, and Michelle Tabet
- 2018 — Mauro Baracco, Louise Wright with Linda Tegg
- 2020/21 — Jefa Greenaway and Tristan Wong
- 2023 — Anthony Coupe, Julian Worrall, Emily Paech, Ali Gumillya Baker, and Sarah Rhodes