Aramaism

An Aramaism, less commonly referred to as an Arameanism, an Aramaicism or an Aramism, is a word, expression, phrase, or linguistic feature that originates from Aramaic and appears in another language as a result of historical contact. Aramaisms are a subset of Semitisms, a broader category encompassing elements borrowed from any Semitic language.

Terminology

Features deriving specifically from the Syriac dialect may be more precisely called "Syriacisms". Likewise, features deriving from the Mandaic dialect may be called "Mandaisms" or "Mandaicisms".
The term "Chaldaism" is an obsolete label historically used to describe Aramaic features, especially those in Biblical or Talmudic texts, once thought to be "Chaldean" in origin. These are now more accurately classified under Aramaisms, particularly of the Biblical or Jewish Babylonian dialects.

Historical background

Aramaic was widely spoken in the ancient Near East. Due to its prominence as a lingua franca of empires in the region, Aramaic influenced neighboring languages.

In Hebrew

Quoting Avi Hurvitz,
The Book of Genesis contains Aramaisms. The possibility of dating certain parts of the Hebrew Bible based on the presence of Aramaisms in them has been a matter of study.

In Greek

Several Aramaisms are contained in the Greek New Testament, specifically in the Gospel of Mark and the Gospel of Matthew, which have led to Aramaic New Testament hypotheses.

In Arabic

Aramaisms appear in Classical Arabic and in Arabic dialects.