Aetobatus


Aetobatus, meaning "eagle", and βάτος is a genus of eagle rays native to the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. It was formerly placed in Myliobatidae, but is now placed in its own family Aetobatidae based on salient differences from myliobatids, especially the pectoral fins joining the head at the level of the eyes.

Description

This genus is diagnosed by a large adult size, which is around wide and largely consisting of a wing-like rhomboidal "disc". The trunk is broad, depressed, and thick. The head protrudes forward anteriorly, is narrow, and elevated above the disc, which connects with the head at the level of the eyes. The spiracles are located dorsally and angles towards the sides. The mouth is broad, located ventrally, contains a single tooth plate row, and is surrounded by sensory pores and papillae. The internasal flap possesses a deep "V" shaped notch. A single dorsal fin arises near the base of the very long whip-like tail, which is armed by one or more stinging barbs.
There are currently either 3 or 5 recognized extant species in this genus depending on the status of A. narinari:
ImageCommon nameScientific nameDistribution
Long-headed eagle rayAetobatus flagellum Indo-West Pacific
Pacific white-spotted eagle rayAetobatus laticeps Baja California to northern Peru, including the Galápagos
Spotted eagle rayAetobatus narinari Atlantic ; worldwide if A. ocellatus and A. laticeps are considered subspecies
Naru eagle rayAetobatus narutobiei W. T. White, Furumitsu, A. Yamaguchi, 2013northwest Pacific off south Japan, South Korea, China, Hong Kong and Vietnam
Ocellated eagle rayAetobatus ocellatus Indo-West Pacific

There are also 6 extinct species placed in this genus:
  • Aetobatus arcuatus
  • Aetobatus cappettai
  • Aetobatus irregularis
  • Aetobatus punctatus
  • Aetobatus poeyi
  • Aetobatus sinhaleyus
Cladogram based on a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree using a General Time Reversible model based on an alignment of mitochondrial NADH2 sequences :