Acts 15


Acts 15 is the fifteenth chapter of the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records "the first great controversy in the records of the Christian Church", concerning the necessity of circumcision, Paul and Barnabas traveling to Jerusalem to attend the Council of Jerusalem and the beginning of Paul's second missionary journey. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Luke composed this book as well as the Gospel of Luke.

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 41 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
;In Greek
;In Latin
This chapter mentions the following places :
The journey of Paul and Barnabas to Jerusalem and the Council of Jerusalem is generally considered to have taken place around 48 – 50 AD. Robert Witham dated it to 51 AD.

Conflict over circumcision (15:1–5)

The circumcision controversy began in Antioch, when 'certain men' came from Judea teaching that salvation was dependent on circumcision according to the Mosaic law. The People's New Testament Commentary called them 'the Judaizing Teachers'; Paul called them and others with the same teaching 'false brethren secretly brought in'.
The dispute which arose resulted in a decision to send Paul and Barnabas to Jerusalem, to seek a resolution to the issue. In Jerusalem the pro-circumcision case was argued by 'some of the sect of the Pharisees who believed'.

Council of Jerusalem (15:6–29)

The account of the Jerusalem Council is bracketed by the scenes in Antioch as an indication that the narrator shifted from Jerusalem to Antioch as 'home ground', and might not have access to the developments in Jerusalem since Peter left that city in Acts 12:17.

Verse 13

The council listened to James because he was the first of the three pillars of church. He was the leader of the church in Jerusalem until he was stoned to death at the insistence of the high priest in 62 AD. James was the Lord Jesus Christ's half brother, the one who did not believe until the Lord appeared to him privately after the Resurrection.

Verse 14

  • "Simon" here from Greek text Συμεὼν, , which is used for Simon Peter only here and in 2 Peter 1:1.

    Verse 23

The letter was addressed to non-Jewish believers in Antioch, Syria, and Cilicia. Its wider relevance was confirmed in Acts 16:4, where Paul and Silas endorse its compliance across a wider area.

Return to Antioch (15:30–35)

Armed with the apostolic decree, Paul and Barnabas triumphantly returned to Antioch, accompanied by the Jerusalem delegates, Judas and Silas, who provided encouragement and strengthening, just like Barnabas, who was originally sent from Jerusalem to Antioch.

Paul and Barnabas part company (15:36–41)

This section opens the account of Paul's second journey, which started after an unspecified interval, and without the formal commissioning ceremony recorded for his first journey. E. H. Plumptre refers to a "commonly received chronology" according to which the journey commenced "somewhat more than a year" after the Council held in Jerusalem.
The proposed tour was simply intended to revisit converts from the previous mission .
Paul parted ways with Barnabas before the departure, and Barnabas disappears from the remaining chapters of Acts, although Paul mentions him in his first epistle to the Corinthians. Silas of Jerusalem, who is a 'prophet' and anointed by the Holy Spirit, became Paul's new companion. Paul and Silas began the journey through the Taurus Mountains passing Paul's home territory of Cilicia, following the route along southern Anatolia across the Cilician Gates. Later, they evangelized Macedonia and Achaea.