Telephone numbers in China
Telephone numbers in the People's Republic of China are administered according to the Telecommunications Network Numbering Plan of China. The structure of telephone numbers for landlines and mobile service is different. Landline telephone numbers have area codes, whereas mobile numbers do not. In major cities, landline numbers consist of a two-digit area code followed by an eight-digit local number. In other places, landline numbers consist of a three-digit area code followed by a seven- or eight-digit local number. Mobile phone numbers consist of eleven digits.
Landline calls within the same area do not require the area code. Calls to other areas require dialing the trunk prefix 0 and the area code.
The special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau are not part of this numbering plan, and use the calling codes 852 and 853 respectively.
Mobile phones
In mainland China, mobile phone numbers have eleven digits in the format 1xx-XXXX-XXXX, in which the first three digits designate the mobile phone service provider.Before GSM, mobile phones had 6-digit numbers starting with nine. They had the same numbering format as fixed-line telephones. Those numbers were eventually translated into 1390xx9xxx, where xx were local identifiers.
The oldest China Mobile GSM numbers were ten digits long and started with 139 in 1994, the second oldest 138 in 1997, and 137, 136, 135 in 1999. The oldest China Unicom numbers started with 130 in 1995, the second oldest at 131 in 1998. Keeping the same number over time is somewhat associated with the stability and reliability of the owner. The 5th to the seventh digit sometimes relates to age and location.
China's mobile telephone numbers were changed from ten digits to eleven digits, with 0 added after 13x, and thus the HLR code became four-digit long to expand the capacity of the seriously fully crowded numbering plan.
In 2006, 15x numbers were introduced. In late 2008, 18x and 14x were introduced. In late 2013, 17x were introduced. In 2017, 16x and 19x were introduced.
In December 2016, each cell phone number was required to be consigned to a real name in mainland China.
In November 2010, MIIT has started the trial mobile number portability service in Tianjin and Hainan, in 2012 the trial has extended to Jiangxi, Hubei and Yunan provinces. On 10 November 2019, all provinces started accepting MNP requests for all mobile carriers, except for technical difficulties, the MVNO phones, satellite phones and IoT phones.
Mobile service carriers can be identified by the first three or four digits as follows:
- China Unicom before 2009
- Operated by China Transport Telecommunication Information Group Co., Ltd.
- TD-SCDMA networks deprecated by China Mobile in 2020
- China Unicom finalize deprecated the GSM networks in 2021. A plan to deprecate GSM by China Mobile announced in 2023, scheduled to shut down in 2025
- CDMA2000 1x Ev-Do networks deprecated in 2022, and CDMA2000 1x RTT in 2024
- LTE compatibility of China Broadnet SIM cards only available on Apple iOS devices
- WCDMA networks are being deprecated by China Unicom since 2023
Calling formats
To call phone numbers in China one of the following formats is used:- For fixed phones:
0yyy xxx xxxx | 0yyy xxxx xxxx Calls from other areas within China
+86 yyy xxx xxxx | +86 yyy xxxx xxxx Calls from outside China
- For mobile phones:
+86 1nn xxxx xxxx Calls to mobiles from outside China
Area 1 – Capital Operation Center
The prefix one is used exclusively by the national capital, Beijing Municipality.- Beijing – 10
Area 2 – Country Communication System Operating Center
All telephone numbers are 8-digit in these areas.
- Shanghai – 21
- Tianjin – 22
- Chongqing – 23 1
- Shenyang, Tieling, Fushun, Benxi – 24 2
- Nanjing – 25
- Wuhan, Huarong District of Ezhou – 27
- Chengdu, Meishan, Ziyang – 28 3
- Xi'an, Xianyang – 29 4
- Guangzhou – 20
2 - Formerly 410 for Tieling and 413 for Fushun, abolished on 28 August 2011; 414 for Benxi, abolished on 24 May 2014.
3 - Formerly 832, 833, abolished 2010.
4 - Formerly 910, abolished 2006.
It's still unclear whether 26 will be provided or not, some local materials say that it's reserved for Taiwan, but currently they use +886. Some proposals from planned independent cities to get rights to operate 026 were also unsuccessful.