Timeline of Kabul
The following is a timeline of the history of Kabul, Afghanistan.
Prior to 20th century
- Circa 1500–1200 B.C. – The Rigveda, a book of Vedic Sanskrit hymns, called this town "Kubha". By about 1000 BC the Zend Avesta of Zoroastrianism mentioned the region and praised it as ideal.
- c. 678–549 BCE. - Kabul valley was part of the Median Empire.
- c. 549 BCE. the Median Empire was annexed by Cyrus the Great and Kabul valley became part the Achaemenid Empire.
- c. 330 BCE. the Achaemenid empire was conquered by Alexander the Great.
- c. 305 BCE. the valley is seized by Alexander's general Seleucus, becoming part of the Seleucid Empire.
- c. 5th century CE – Bala Hissar built.
- 565 – Kabul Shahi is in power.
- 794 – Shahi capital relocated to Kabul from Kapisa.
- 1461 – Wali khan Beg is in power.
- 1502 – Arghunid Muqim in power.
- 1504 – Siege of Kabul; Mughal Babur in power.
- 1528 – Gardens of Babur developed outside city.
- 1545 – Mughal Humayun in power.
- 1637 – Char Chatta Bazaar built.
- 1646 – Shahjahani Mosque built.
- 1738 – Persian Nader Shah captures citadel.
- 1747 – Ahmad Shah Durrani in power.
- 1772 – Timur Shah Naizy in power.
- 1773 – Durrani capital relocated to Kabul from Kandahar.
- 1793 – Timur Shah Mausoleum built.
- 1838 – British troops arrive.
- 1839 – 7 August: Shah Shujah Durrani in power.
- 1841 – 2 November: Uprising against Shah Shujah Durrani.
- 1842
- * Battle of Kabul.
- * 19 February: The Jalalabad earthquake caused severe damage and 500 deaths.
- 1850 – Char Chatta restored.
- 1879
- * 3 September: British residency attacked.
- * October: British occupy Kabul.
- * December: Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment.
- 1880 - Accession of Abdur Rahman Khan as Emir of Afghanistan.
20th century
- 1901
- * Arg built.
- * Population: 140,000.
- 1903 – Habibia High School founded.
- 1913 – Clock tower built.
- 1919
- * Mu'arrif-i ma'arif begins publication.
- * Id Gah Mosque and Amir 'Abd al-Rahman Mausoleum built.
- 1920s
- * Shah-Do Shamshira Mosque built.
- * Tajbeg Palace and Darul Aman Palace built outside city.
- 1922 / 1301 SH
- * Lycée Esteqlal established.
- * Solar Hijri calendar officially adopted in Afghanistan.
- 1923 – Kabul–Darulaman Tramway constructed.
- 1924 – Amani High School founded.
- 1928 – Paghman Gardens open.
- 1931
- * Kabul University established.
- * National Museum of Afghanistan relocated to Darulaman from Koti Bagcha.
- 1933 – 8 November: Mohammed Nadir Shah assassinated.
- 1940 – Radio Kabul begins broadcasting with 20 kilowatt transmitter.
- 1948 – Ghulam Mohammad Farhad becomes mayor.
- 1957 – Sherpur Mosque built.
- 1961 – Jangalak neighborhood established.
- 1965 – Population: 435,000.
- 1967
- * Kabul Zoo inaugurated.
- * Kabul Golf Club opens outside city.
- 1968 – Naghlu Dam begins generating hydroelectric power.
- 1969 – Hotel Inter-Continental in business.
- 1970 – Kabul Airport in operation.
- 1973 – Population: 318,094 city; 534,350 urban agglomeration.
- 1975 – Rock music festival held.
- 1977 – Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan founded.
- 1978
- * April: Anti-Daoud demonstrations.
- * 28 April: Coup.
- 1979 – 27 December: Soviet forces occupy city.
- 1980 - 22 February: 3 Hut uprising
- 1988 – Population: 1,424,400.
- 1989 – Soviet troops withdraw.
- 1992 – April: Battle of Kabul (1992–1996) begins.
- 1995 – 6 September: Pakistani embassy sacked.
- 1996 – 27 September: Taliban take city.
21st century
- 2001
- * November: City besieged by United States forces.
- * Population: 2,080,000.
- 2002
- * January: Marjan of Kabul Zoo dies.
- * Nejat Drug Rehabilitation Centre active.
- * September: Bombing.
- 2003
- * December: Constitutional convention.
- * Khwaja Faqiron Mosque reconstructed.
- * Music school established.
- 2004
- * Jamhuriat Hospital built.
- * Sultani Museum established.
- 2005
- * French Medical Institute for Children established.
- * City administrative sectors expand to 18.
- * Kabul City Center opens.
- 2008
- * January: Serena Hotel attack.
- * July: Bombing of Indian embassy.
- 2009
- * February: Raids.
- * August: Bombing of NATO building.
- * October: Bombing of Indian embassy.
- * October: UN attack.
- * Air pollution in Kabul reaches annual mean of 86 PM2.5 and 260 PM10, much higher than recommended.
- 2010
- * January: Muhammad Yunus Nawandish becomes mayor.
- * January attack.
- * February attack.
- * May bombing.
- 2011
- * May: Bombing of military hospital.
- * June: Inter-Continental Hotel attack.
- * September attack.
- * December: Bombing at mosque.
- * Kabul National Cricket Stadium opens.
- * Institute for Afghan Arts & Architecture established.
- 2012
- * February: Quran burning protests.
- * April attacks by Taliban.
- * May: Assassination of Arsala Rahmani Daulat.
- * Abdul Rahman Mosque and Afghanistan Football Federation stadium open.
- * Population: 3,289,000.
- 2013
- * June bombings.
- * Presidential palace attack.
- 2014
- * Restaurant bombing.
- * Serena Hotel attack.
- * December bombings.
- 2015
- * Park Palace guesthouse attack.
- * Parliament attack.
- * 7 August attacks.
- * 10 August bombing.
- * 22 August bombing.
- * Spanish Embassy attack.
- 2016
- * February bombing.
- * April attack.
- * Attack on Canadian Embassy guards.
- * July bombing near Deh Mazang square.
- * 1 August attack.
- * American University attack.
- * September attack.
- * November bombing.
- * Population: 3,817,241.
- 2017
- * January bombing.
- * Supreme Court bombing.
- * Hospital attack.
- * May bombing.
- * 3 June bombing.
- * June mosque attack.
- * 24 July bombing.
- * Iraqi embassy attack.
- * 28 December bombing.
- 2018
- * 4 January bombing.
- * Inter-Continental Hotel attack.
- * Ambulance bombing.
- * March bombing.
- * 22 April bombing.
- * 30 April bombings.
- * August bombing.
- * September attacks.
- * November bombing.
- 2019
- * Mosque bombing.
- * 1 July attack.
- * 25 July bombings.
- * 28 July bombing.
- * 7 August bombing.
- * 17 August bombing.
- * 2 and 5 September bombings.
- * 17 September bombing.
- * November bombing.
- 2020
- * February bombing.
- * 6 March shooting.
- * Gurdwara attack.
- * University attack.
- 2021
- * School bombing.
- * Mosque bombing.
- * June bombings.
- *Fall of Kabul