Franciszek Bieliński
Franciszek Bieliński of Junosza coat of arms was a Polish statesman. A Crown Grand Marshal, Marshal of Prussia and a voivode of Chełmno, he is best remembered as a strong proponent of the expansion and the modernisation of the city of Warsaw. He is also the eponym of Marszałkowska Street in Warsaw, one of the major and most iconic streets of Poland's capital.
Biography
Early life
He was born in 1683 to Grand Marshal of the Crown Kazimierz Ludwik Bieliński and Ludwika Maria Bielińska, daughter of Grand Treasurer of the Crown. While officially a high-ranking military officer, for most of his life Bieliński had been in fact a skilled civilian administrator. Initially a starost of Malbork, Czersk, Grójec and Garwolin, with time he allied himself to the mighty Czartoryski family. This allowed him to move to the royal court and start his career there.Siblings
Two of his siblings came to prominence: Maria Magdalena Bielińska, div. Gräfin von Dönhoff, who was King Augustus II the Strong's Maîtresse-en-titre and later married Jerzy Ignacy Lubomirski, and Katarzyna Bielińska, who married Jean Victor, Baron de Besenval, on 18 September 1716, a Swiss noble in French service, who was the French ambassador to Poland at the time. Katarzyna, Baronne de Besenval, née Bielińska, was an influential personality at the royal court of France, thanks to her friendship with Marie Leszczyńska, the Queen of France. Their son was Pierre Victor, Baron de Besenval de Brunstatt, a Swiss military officer in French service, whose Parisian residence was the Hôtel de Besenval.Political career
In his role as a Marshal of the Court and then Grand Marshal of Poland during the reign of Augustus II the Strong, Bieliński had in fact administrative and judiciary control over a large part of Prussia, Masovia and the city of Warsaw. In 1740 he created the Warsaw-based Cobblestone Commission, tasked with paving the streets and creating a modern sewer system. Under his leadership in 20 years the commission managed to pave 222 streets, a large majority of streets of the contemporary Polish capital.In 1752, he permitted the creation of the first professional fire brigade in Poland. In 1757 with his personal funds he created a jurydyka of Bielino, a small village that over time became the core of what is now the city centre of Warsaw. During his civil service he also served as a starost of Kowalewo, Brodnica and Garwolin.