Ferdows
Ferdows is a city in the Central District of Ferdows County, South Khorasan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. It is about south of Mashhad and 200 km northwest of Birjand. Ferdows is on the main axis connecting Yazd, Kerman, Isfahan, Bushehr, Hormozgan and Fars provinces to Mashhad. Ferdows city is 1293 meters above sea level.
History
Founded by the Medes, Ferdows is currently a city. It was a large and famous city in ancient days. There is an unproven theory that the town's name in ancient days was "Taban". In the Islamic era it became known as Toon or Tūn, a name retained until 1929, when it was changed to Ferdows.The first people to inhabit Ferdows were a group of Sagartians. Toon was a famous and thriving city both before and during the Islamic era. It was one of the most prominent cities of Quhistan, along with Qaen; Nasir Khusraw mentioned Toon as a large city in the 11th century. However, Toon was plundered and destroyed by the Mongols in 1239. Eventually, Toon recovered and regained its statues as one of Quhistan's major cities. Marco Polo mentioned the south Khorasan region as Toonoqaen, apparently in reference to the two largest cities, Toon and Qaen.
In early 1751 the town was captured by Ahmad Shah Durrani during his invasion of Khorasan under Shahrokh Shah.
Ferdows was still a famous and prosperous city in Khorasan at the beginning of the 20th century and the Municipality of Ferdows, originally formed in 1925, was one of the first municipalities of Khorasan province. However, the city experienced significant decline following a devastating earthquake in 1968.
After Khorasan province was divided into three provinces, Ferdows County was initially a part of Razavi Khorasan province, but was incorporated within the borders of South Khorasan province in 2006.
Demographics
Population
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 23,405 in 6,538 households. The following census in 2011 counted 25,968 people in 7,316 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 28,695 people in 8,749 households.Geography
Location
Ferdows is on the Plateau of Iran, between a desert region and a mountainous region. Most of villages around Ferdows are situated in the mountainous region to the north and northeast. The nearest town, Eslamieh, lies just 3 km northeast. The city lies on the main route from Kerman, Yazd, Bandar Abbas and other southern cities to Mashhad and hosts more than 6 million pilgrims annually on their way to Mashhad. It is also a nexus of several roads converging from different areas of Iran.Climate
The climate is mild in the spring, hot in the summer, cool and rainy in autumn, and cold in the winter. Being located near deserts, the temperature difference between day and night, and also between summer and winter, is relatively high. The majority of precipitation occurs from mid-autumn to mid-spring. The hottest month is July and the coldest is JanuaryAgriculture
Ferdows is famous for its high quality Saffron and pomegranate.Main sights
Major visitor attractions of Ferdows are:- Ferdows Hot Mineral Spring: one of the most important attractions of Ferdows for Iranian and International tourists
- Ferdows Religious School
- Ferdows Congregation Mosque
- Ferdows Hole-in-the-Rock, a natural geological formation
- Polond Desert, a beautiful desert located 40 kilometers West of Ferdows
- Ferdows Museum
Emad Nezam Tourism Complex
- Emad Nezam Traditional Hotel
- Emad Nezam Scientific, cultural and recreational collection affiliated with Mofid educational complex
- Emad Nezam Sports Club
- Emad Nezam Football Academy
- Mofid Educational Complex
- Polond Desert Tourism Camp
Education and culture
- Islamic Azad University, Ferdows
- Ferdows and Qaen Medical Schools
- Ferdows Institute of Higher Education
- Ferdows Faculty of Engineering
Notable people
- Badiozzaman Forouzanfar
- Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi
- Mulla Alaul Maulk Tuni
- Alireza Danesh Sokhanvar