Directive 5120.36

Department of Defense Directive 5120.36 was issued in July 1963 by Robert McNamara, then United States [Secretary of Defense].
It dealt with the issue of racism in areas surrounding military communities. The directive declared:
The directive empowered commanding officers to use economic power to influence local businesses. With the approval of the Secretary of Defense, the commanding officer could declare an area off-limits to military personnel.

Aftermath

The first non-military establishment was declared off-limits in 1967. In 1970, the requirement for commanding officers to obtain prior permission from the Secretary of Defense was lifted. A commanding officer could now declare housing areas off limits to military personnel under his command.