Ante Vokić
Ante Vokić was a Croatian politician, general and putschist. Member of the Ustaše, he was the Minister of Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia from 29 January to 30 August 1944, succeeding Miroslav Navratil.
Vokić was one of the leaders of the 1944 Lorković–Vokić plot, an attempt to align the country with the Allies and against the Axis powers. After the plot was uncovered, Vokić was arrested and later executed.
Biography
Youth
Vokić was born in Mostar on 23 August 1909. He attended a gymnasium in Sarajevo and studied law at University of Zagreb. He ended his studies in 1929 and started working for the train service in Sarajevo. He co-founded the Croatian Academic Club Kranjčević and the newspaper Svijest and participated in the HKD Napredak.World War II
Before the establishment of the Croatian state, Vokić was a member of the Ustaše branch in Zagreb. On 11 April 1941, by order of Slavko Kvaternik, he was sent to serve at headquarters of the newly formed Ustasha Surveillance Service, whose main task was to lead and build up existing Ustaša combat formations and form new ones. Later that year he was appointed Director of Train Services in Sarajevo. He was an organising commander of all Ustaša traffic brigades. As an associate of Jure Francetić, he was a founding member of Black Legion, an infantry unit of Ustaše Militia. In 1943, he left Sarajevo and moved to Zagreb and on 11 October of that year he was appointed Minister of Transportation and Public Works.On 29 January 1944, he was promoted to the Ustaše rank of colonel and named Minister of the Armed Forces. Ante Pavelić promoted him to the highest rank, that of Krilnik. He became a close associate and friend of Mladen Lorković. Lorković introduced him to Baroness Vraniczany and Baroness Zlata Lubienski, members of high society, who became his good friends. At the beginning of August 1944, he stood as best man at the marriage of Lorković to Countess Nada Von Ghyczy.
Lorković–Vokić plot
A coup attempt led by Ante Vokić and Mladen Lorković, known as the Lorković–Vokić plot, aimed to switch the Independent State of Croatia from the Axis to the Allies, but it was discovered on 30 August 1944, after which both men were arrested. The coup's goal was for Croatia to switch sides in the war by declaring war on Nazi Germany and entering an alliance with Anglo-American allies. He visited the Domobran and Ustaše units and their officers and said they should expect a big event.He received support from the Domobran officers and lost favour with the Ustaše, who were loyal to Ante Pavelić. He contacted Ivan Faroli, lawyer for Vladko Maček, the president of the Croatian Peasant Party. He informed Faroli about a coup to bring down the Ustaše and give power to the Croatian Peasant Party. This included the replacement of Ustaše's officers with Domobran officers, loyal to the Croatian Peasant Party and disarmament of German units on Croatian territory.
Later Pavelić was visited by a Gestapo officer and told about Germany's new weapons which would turn the war in its favour. On 21 August 1944, Pavelić informed Siegfried Kasche, the German ambassador, about the coup and announced actions against the putschists. He also accused German general Edmund Glaise von Horstenau of involvement in the coup, because von Horstenau was coaxing Pavelić to approve the coup.
Vokić's friend, Ante Štitić, a high ranking police official who was also involved in the coup, wrote a report after meetings with Lorković and Vokić. He handed the report to the Ustaše units commander, Ivo Herenčić, an old opponent of Vokić. Herenčić gave the report to Pavelić. That report was the main evidence presented against Vokić and Lorković at their trial for "high treason".